一、概述

上一篇【Nginx模块开发http handler实现流量统计(1)】使用数组在单进程实现了IP的流量统计,这一篇将进行优化使用红黑树数据结构以及共享内存方式实现进程间通信

进程间通信方式
(1)进程在不同的机器中,使用网络进行通信
(2)进程在同一个机器,并且进程间的关系是父子进程关系,可以使用共享内存
(3)使用unix_sock比如文件soket。在MySQL使用的就是这种进程通信方式
(4)pipe管道

二、Nginx handler模块开发

2.1、代码实现

在重点地方添加注释,主要是红黑树添加和使用,以及共享内存的使用。

核心
1.nginx获取请求ngx_command_t设置ngx_http_pagecount_set
2.conf文件解析到模块的cmd时,初始化共享内存以及互斥锁。
3.红黑树初始化
4.组织网页时,需要遍历红黑树找到IP并做流量统计


#include <ngx_http.h>
#include <ngx_config.h>
#include <ngx_core.h>

#define ENABLE_RBTREE	1

static char *ngx_http_pagecount_set(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_init(ngx_conf_t *cf);
static void  *ngx_http_pagecount_create_location_conf(ngx_conf_t *cf);
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_shm_init (ngx_shm_zone_t *zone, void *data);
static void ngx_http_pagecount_rbtree_insert_value(ngx_rbtree_node_t *temp,
        ngx_rbtree_node_t *node, ngx_rbtree_node_t *sentinel);


// 命令解析
static ngx_command_t count_commands[] = {
	{
		ngx_string("count"),
		NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF | NGX_CONF_NOARGS,
		ngx_http_pagecount_set,//遇到模块命令时调用
		NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
		0, 
		NULL
	},
	ngx_null_command
};

static ngx_http_module_t count_ctx = {
	NULL,
	ngx_http_pagecount_init,//初始化
	
	NULL,
	NULL,

	NULL,
	NULL,

	// conf文件解析location调用
	ngx_http_pagecount_create_location_conf,
	NULL,
};

//ngx_http_count_module 
ngx_module_t ngx_http_pagecount_module = {
	NGX_MODULE_V1,
	&amp;count_ctx,
	count_commands,
	NGX_HTTP_MODULE,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NULL,
	NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING
};

typedef struct {
	int count; //count
} ngx_http_pagecount_node_t;

typedef struct {

	ngx_rbtree_t rbtree;
	ngx_rbtree_node_t sentinel;
	
} ngx_http_pagecount_shm_t;

// 共享内存结构
typedef struct
{
    ssize_t shmsize;
 
    ngx_slab_pool_t *shpool;// 互斥
 
    ngx_http_pagecount_shm_t *sh;
} ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t;

// 共享内存初始化
ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_shm_init (ngx_shm_zone_t *zone, void *data) {

	ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *conf;
	ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *oconf = data;

	conf = (ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t*)zone->data;
	if (oconf) {
		conf->sh = oconf->sh;
		conf->shpool = oconf->shpool;
		return NGX_OK;
	}

	//printf("ngx_http_pagecount_shm_init 0000n");
	
	// 初始化锁
	conf->shpool = (ngx_slab_pool_t*)zone->shm.addr;
	conf->sh = ngx_slab_alloc(conf->shpool, sizeof(ngx_http_pagecount_shm_t));
	if (conf->sh == NULL) {
		return NGX_ERROR;
	}

	conf->shpool->data = conf->sh;

	//printf("ngx_http_pagecount_shm_init 1111n");
	
	// 共享内存创建完之后初始化红黑树
	// 要提供插入函数
	ngx_rbtree_init(&amp;conf->sh->rbtree, &amp;conf->sh->sentinel, 
		ngx_http_pagecount_rbtree_insert_value);


	return NGX_OK;

}


static char *ngx_http_pagecount_set(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf) {

	ngx_shm_zone_t *shm_zone;
	ngx_str_t name = ngx_string("pagecount_slab_shm");

	ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *mconf = (ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t*)conf;
	ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t *corecf;
	
	//ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf->log, ngx_errno, "ngx_http_pagecount_set000");
	
	// 设置共享内存大小
	mconf->shmsize = 1024*1024;
	
	shm_zone = ngx_shared_memory_add(cf, &amp;name, mconf->shmsize, &ngx_http_pagecount_module);
	if (NULL == shm_zone) {
		return NGX_CONF_ERROR;
	}

	
	shm_zone->init = ngx_http_pagecount_shm_init;
	shm_zone->data = mconf;

	corecf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module);
	// 计数统计函数
	corecf->handler = ngx_http_pagecount_handler;

	return NGX_CONF_OK;
}

ngx_int_t   ngx_http_pagecount_init(ngx_conf_t *cf) {


	return NGX_OK;
}


// conf文件解析到location时进入函数
// 此函数为模块创建所需要的结构体, 后面会使用。
void  *ngx_http_pagecount_create_location_conf(ngx_conf_t *cf) {

	ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *conf;
	
	// 共享内存结构
	conf = ngx_palloc(cf->pool, sizeof(ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t));
	if (NULL == conf) {
		return NULL;
	}

	// 初始化共享内存的大小
	conf->shmsize = 0;
	//ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf->log, ngx_errno, "ngx_http_pagecount_create_location_conf");

	// init conf data
	// ... 

	return conf;

}

// 红黑树插入函数
static void
ngx_http_pagecount_rbtree_insert_value(ngx_rbtree_node_t *temp,
        ngx_rbtree_node_t *node, ngx_rbtree_node_t *sentinel)
{
   ngx_rbtree_node_t **p;
   //ngx_http_testslab_node_t *lrn, *lrnt;
 
    for (;;)
    {
        if (node->key < temp->key)
        {
            p = &temp->left;
        }
        else if (node->key > temp->key) {
           	p = &temp->right;
        }
        else
        {
          	return ;
        }
		// 没有找到,直接返回
        if (*p == sentinel)
        {
            break;
        }
 
        temp = *p;
    }
 
    *p = node;
 
    node->parent = temp;
    node->left = sentinel;
    node->right = sentinel;
    ngx_rbt_red(node);
}

// 查找IP和访问计数统计
static ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_lookup(ngx_http_request_t *r, ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *conf, ngx_uint_t key) {

	ngx_rbtree_node_t *node, *sentinel;

	node = conf->sh->rbtree.root;
	sentinel = conf->sh->rbtree.sentinel;

	ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, ngx_errno, " ngx_http_pagecount_lookup 111 --> %xn", key);
	
	while (node != sentinel) {

		if (key < node->key) {
			node = node->left;
			continue;
		} else if (key > node->key) {
			node = node->right;
			continue;
		} else { // key == node
			node->data ++;
			return NGX_OK;
		}
	}
	
	ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, ngx_errno, " ngx_http_pagecount_lookup 222 --> %xn", key);
	
	// insert rbtree
	
	
	node = ngx_slab_alloc_locked(conf->shpool, sizeof(ngx_rbtree_node_t));
	if (NULL == node) {
		return NGX_ERROR;
	}

	node->key = key;
	node->data = 1;

	ngx_rbtree_insert(&conf->sh->rbtree, node);

	ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, ngx_errno, " insert successn");
	

	return NGX_OK;
}


static int ngx_encode_http_page_rb(ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *conf, char *html) {

	sprintf(html, "<h1>Source Insight </h1>");
	strcat(html, "<h2>");

	//ngx_rbtree_traversal(&ngx_pv_tree, ngx_pv_tree.root, ngx_http_count_rbtree_iterator, html);
	ngx_rbtree_node_t *node = ngx_rbtree_min(conf->sh->rbtree.root, conf->sh->rbtree.sentinel);

	do {

		char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN] = {0};
		char buffer[128] = {0};

		sprintf(buffer, "req from : %s, count: %d <br/>",
			inet_ntop(AF_INET, &node->key, str, sizeof(str)), node->data);

		strcat(html, buffer);

		node = ngx_rbtree_next(&conf->sh->rbtree, node);

	} while (node);
	

	strcat(html, "</h2>");

	return NGX_OK;
}



static ngx_int_t ngx_http_pagecount_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r) {


	u_char html[1024] = {0};
	int len = sizeof(html);
	
	ngx_rbtree_key_t key = 0;


	struct sockaddr_in *client_addr =  (struct sockaddr_in*)r->connection->sockaddr;
	

	ngx_http_pagecount_conf_t *conf = ngx_http_get_module_loc_conf(r, ngx_http_pagecount_module);
	key = (ngx_rbtree_key_t)client_addr->sin_addr.s_addr;

	ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, ngx_errno, " ngx_http_pagecount_handler --> %xn", key);

	ngx_shmtx_lock(&conf->shpool->mutex);
	ngx_http_pagecount_lookup(r, conf, key);	
	ngx_shmtx_unlock(&conf->shpool->mutex);
	
	ngx_encode_http_page_rb(conf, (char*)html);

	//header
	r->headers_out.status = 200;
	ngx_str_set(&r->headers_out.content_type, "text/html");
	ngx_http_send_header(r);

	//body
	ngx_buf_t *b = ngx_pcalloc(r->pool,  sizeof(ngx_buf_t));

	ngx_chain_t out;
	out.buf = b;
	out.next = NULL;

	b->pos = html;
	b->last = html+len;
	b->memory = 1;
	b->last_buf = 1;

	return ngx_http_output_filter(r, &out);
	
	
}

2.2、编写config文件

创建

touch config

内容

ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_pagecount_module
HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_pagecount_module"
NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_pagecount_module.c"

注意,config文件要和模块的代码在相同目录

2.3、编译模块到Nginx源码

(1)配置添加模块:

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module 
--with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module 
--with-stream --with-pcre=/home/fly/workspace/pcre-8.41 --with-zlib=/home/fly/workspace/zlib-1.2.11 
--with-openssl=/home/fly/workspace/openssl-1.1.0g 
--add-module=/mnt/hgfs/sourcecode_learning/nginx-module/ngx_http_pagecount_module

注意模块路径正确。出现如下表示成功:

configuring additional modules
adding module in /mnt/hgfs/sourcecode_learning/nginx-module/ngx_http_pagecount_module
 + ngx_http_pagecount_module was configured
creating objs/Makefile

(2)编译安装

make && sudo make install

2.4、修改conf文件

编译安装完成后,conf文件添加count;


worker_processes 4;

events {
	worker_connections 1024;
}

http {

	upstream backend {
		server 192.168.7.146:8889;
		server 192.168.7.146:8890;
	}

	server {
		listen 8888;
		location / {
			proxy_pass http://backend;
		}
	}
	server {
                listen 8889;
		location / {
			count;
		}
       }
	server {
                listen 8890;
        }
	server {
                listen 8891;
        }



}

2.5、执行效果

关闭启动nginx:

sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

启动nginx

sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/fly.conf 

网页输入IP和端口执行效果如下
在这里插入图片描述

总结

  1. 实现一个基于Nginx的IP统计访问流量统计可以借鉴以上代码;只要做一些业务上的修改可以直接使用。可能需改动的地方就是红黑树的key、value数据结构,以及ngx_encode_http_page_rb函数业务代码,其他可以基本不用改动就可以二次开发
  2. Nginx需要熟悉的数据结构:内存池、queuelistarray、shmem等。同时需要清楚Nginx的11个状态
  3. 在实际应用中,需要掌握Nginx的conf文件配置https配置负载均衡配置反向代理、CPU亲缘性配置等)以及模块开发filterhandler等)。

原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_29750559/article/details/134606153

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